drag
Engenharia Mecânica
Verbete 1 de 1
verbo
Contexto: "The cornering speed of Formula One cars is largely determined by the aerodynamic down-force that they generate, which pushes the car down onto the track with the help of ‘‘wings” mounted at the front and rear of the vehicle. The fundamental principle of Formula One aerodynamics is to cre ate the maximum amount of down force for the minimal amount of drag."
Fonte: References (1) D. Andrew, C. David, Fundamental parameter design issues which determine race car performance, in: Proceedings of the SAE Motorsports Engineering Conference & Exposition, Dearborn, Michigan, 2000, p. 361. (2) D. Hull, A unified approach to progressive crushing of fibre reinforced composite tubes, Compos. Sci. Technol. 40 (1991) 377–421. (3) G.L. Farley, R.M. Jones, Crushing characteristics of continuous fiber-reinforced composite tubes, J. Compos. Mater 26 (1992) 37–50. (4) H. Saito, E.C. Chirwa, R. Inai, H. Hamada, Energy absorption of braiding pultrusion process composite rods, Compos. Struct. 55 (2002) 407–417. (5) E. Mahdi, A.M.S. Hamouda, B.B. Sahari, Y.A. Khalid, Effect of material and geometry on crushing behavior of laminated conical composite shells, Appl. Compos. Mater. 9 (2002) 265–290. composite tubes: experimental, Compos. Struct 63 (2004) 347–360. (7) C.M. Kindervater, A.F. Johnson, D.L. Kohlgrüber, M. Eutzenburger, N. Pentecote, Crash and impact simulation of aircraft structures-hybrid and FE based approaches, in: Proceedings of the European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering, 2000, pp. 1–24. (8) S.J. Beard, F.K. Chang, Energy absorption of braided composite tubes, Int. J. Crashworthiness 7 (2002) 191–206. (9) A.N. Mellor, Impact testing in formula one, Int. J. Crashworthiness 7 (2002) 475–486. (10) Krzysztof Wloch, Peter J. Bentley, Optimising the performance of a formula one car using genetic algorithm, International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature- PPSN VIII (2004) 702-711. (11) Emre Kazancioglu, Guangquan Wu, Jeonghan Ko, Stanislav Bohac, Zoran Filipi, S. Jack Hu, Dennis Assanis, Kazuhiro Saitou, Robust optimization of an automobile valve train using a multi objective genetic algorithm. Proc. of ASME 2003 Design Engineering Technical Conferences Chicago (2003) Illinois. (12) J.P. Leiva, L. Wang, S. Recek, B. Watson, Advances in optimization tecnologies for product design, in: Automobile Design Using the GENESIS Structural Optimization Program, Na fems Seminar, Chicago, USA, 2001, pp. 22–23. (13) P.J. Bentley, J.P. Wakefield, Generic evolutionary design, in: P.K. Chawdhry, R. Roy, R.K. Pant (Eds.), Soft Computing in Engineering Design and Manufacturing, Springer Verlag London Limited, 1997, pp. 289–298, Part 6.
Fonte: References (1) D. Andrew, C. David, Fundamental parameter design issues which determine race car performance, in: Proceedings of the SAE Motorsports Engineering Conference & Exposition, Dearborn, Michigan, 2000, p. 361. (2) D. Hull, A unified approach to progressive crushing of fibre reinforced composite tubes, Compos. Sci. Technol. 40 (1991) 377–421. (3) G.L. Farley, R.M. Jones, Crushing characteristics of continuous fiber-reinforced composite tubes, J. Compos. Mater 26 (1992) 37–50. (4) H. Saito, E.C. Chirwa, R. Inai, H. Hamada, Energy absorption of braiding pultrusion process composite rods, Compos. Struct. 55 (2002) 407–417. (5) E. Mahdi, A.M.S. Hamouda, B.B. Sahari, Y.A. Khalid, Effect of material and geometry on crushing behavior of laminated conical composite shells, Appl. Compos. Mater. 9 (2002) 265–290. composite tubes: experimental, Compos. Struct 63 (2004) 347–360. (7) C.M. Kindervater, A.F. Johnson, D.L. Kohlgrüber, M. Eutzenburger, N. Pentecote, Crash and impact simulation of aircraft structures-hybrid and FE based approaches, in: Proceedings of the European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering, 2000, pp. 1–24. (8) S.J. Beard, F.K. Chang, Energy absorption of braided composite tubes, Int. J. Crashworthiness 7 (2002) 191–206. (9) A.N. Mellor, Impact testing in formula one, Int. J. Crashworthiness 7 (2002) 475–486. (10) Krzysztof Wloch, Peter J. Bentley, Optimising the performance of a formula one car using genetic algorithm, International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature- PPSN VIII (2004) 702-711. (11) Emre Kazancioglu, Guangquan Wu, Jeonghan Ko, Stanislav Bohac, Zoran Filipi, S. Jack Hu, Dennis Assanis, Kazuhiro Saitou, Robust optimization of an automobile valve train using a multi objective genetic algorithm. Proc. of ASME 2003 Design Engineering Technical Conferences Chicago (2003) Illinois. (12) J.P. Leiva, L. Wang, S. Recek, B. Watson, Advances in optimization tecnologies for product design, in: Automobile Design Using the GENESIS Structural Optimization Program, Na fems Seminar, Chicago, USA, 2001, pp. 22–23. (13) P.J. Bentley, J.P. Wakefield, Generic evolutionary design, in: P.K. Chawdhry, R. Roy, R.K. Pant (Eds.), Soft Computing in Engineering Design and Manufacturing, Springer Verlag London Limited, 1997, pp. 289–298, Part 6.
Termo equivalente: arrasto
Definição: "In the present investigation, an incompressible fluid flow across a bank of circular cylinders is studied and modeled as a non-Darcy flow through a porous medium. The continuity equation and the momentum equation in pore scale are solved on a Cartesian grid system. To circumvent the numerical difficulties arising from the flow domain of irregular shape, the weighting function scheme along with the APPLE algorithm and the SIS solver is employed. The Darcy-Forchheimer drag is then determined from the resulting volumetric flow rate under a prescribed pressure drop. The result indicates that the permeability approaches zero at the particular porosity of 0.2146 when the fluid flow across the cylinders becomes impossible. In addition, the pressure drag (Forchheimer drag) is found to contribute a significant resistance at large porosities and/or large granule Reynolds numbers. A correlation of Darcy-Forchheimer drag is proposed for 0.2146 ⩽ ε ⩽ 1 and 0 ⩽ Red ⩽ 50."
Fonte: References 1. D.R. Poirier Permeability for flow of interdendritic liquid in columnar dendritic alloys Metallurgical Transactions, 18B (1987), pp. 245-255 Google Scholar 2. O. Reynolds Papers on Mechanical and Physical Subjects Cambridge University Press, England (1900) Google Scholar 3. P.H. Forchheimer Wasserbewegun durch boden Zeitschrift des Vereines Deutscher Ingenieure, 45 (1901), pp. 1782-1788 Google Scholar 4. F.C. Blake The resistance of packing to fluid flow AIChE Journal, 14 (1922), pp. 415-522 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 5. S. Ergun Fluid flow through packed columns Chemical Engineering Progress, 48 (1952), pp. 89-94 Google Scholar 6. I.F. Macdonald, M.S. Ei-Sayed, K. Mow, F.A.L. Dullien Flow through porous media-the Ergun equation revisited Industrial Engineering Chemical Fundamentals, 18 (1979), pp. 199-208 View PDFCrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 7. J.C. Ward Turbulent flow in porous media (1st edn.), Journal of Hydraulics Division, Proceedings of ASCE, 90 (1964), p. 112 Google Scholar 8. G.S. Beavers, E.M. Sparrow, D.E. Rodenz Influence of bed size on the flow characteristics and porosity of randomly packed beds of spheres ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics, 40 (1973), pp. 655-660 View PDFCrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 9. G.S. Beavers, E.M. Sparrow Non-Darcy flow through fibrous porous media ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics, 36 (1969), pp. 711-714 View PDFCrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 10. O. Coulaud, P. Morel, J.P. Caltagirone Numerical modelling of nonlinear effects in laminar flow through a porous medium Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 190 (1988), pp. 393-407 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 11. S.L. Lee, R.Y. Tzong An enthalpy formulation for phase change problems with a large thermal diffusivity jump across the interface International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 34 (1991), pp. 1491-1502 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 12. S.L. Lee, R.Y. Tzong Latent heat method for solidification process of a binary alloy system International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 38 (1995), pp. 1237-1247 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 13. S.L. Lee, R.Y. Tzong Artificial pressure for pressure-linked equation International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 35 (1992), pp. 2705-2716 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 14. S.L. Lee A strongly implicit solver for two-dimensional elliptic differential equations Numerical Heat Transfer, 16B (1989), pp. 161-178 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 15. J.H. Lienhard Synopsis of lift, drag and vortex frequency data for rigid circular cylinders (1st edn.), Bulletin 300, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington (1966) Google Scholar
Fonte: References 1. D.R. Poirier Permeability for flow of interdendritic liquid in columnar dendritic alloys Metallurgical Transactions, 18B (1987), pp. 245-255 Google Scholar 2. O. Reynolds Papers on Mechanical and Physical Subjects Cambridge University Press, England (1900) Google Scholar 3. P.H. Forchheimer Wasserbewegun durch boden Zeitschrift des Vereines Deutscher Ingenieure, 45 (1901), pp. 1782-1788 Google Scholar 4. F.C. Blake The resistance of packing to fluid flow AIChE Journal, 14 (1922), pp. 415-522 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 5. S. Ergun Fluid flow through packed columns Chemical Engineering Progress, 48 (1952), pp. 89-94 Google Scholar 6. I.F. Macdonald, M.S. Ei-Sayed, K. Mow, F.A.L. Dullien Flow through porous media-the Ergun equation revisited Industrial Engineering Chemical Fundamentals, 18 (1979), pp. 199-208 View PDFCrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 7. J.C. Ward Turbulent flow in porous media (1st edn.), Journal of Hydraulics Division, Proceedings of ASCE, 90 (1964), p. 112 Google Scholar 8. G.S. Beavers, E.M. Sparrow, D.E. Rodenz Influence of bed size on the flow characteristics and porosity of randomly packed beds of spheres ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics, 40 (1973), pp. 655-660 View PDFCrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 9. G.S. Beavers, E.M. Sparrow Non-Darcy flow through fibrous porous media ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics, 36 (1969), pp. 711-714 View PDFCrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 10. O. Coulaud, P. Morel, J.P. Caltagirone Numerical modelling of nonlinear effects in laminar flow through a porous medium Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 190 (1988), pp. 393-407 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 11. S.L. Lee, R.Y. Tzong An enthalpy formulation for phase change problems with a large thermal diffusivity jump across the interface International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 34 (1991), pp. 1491-1502 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 12. S.L. Lee, R.Y. Tzong Latent heat method for solidification process of a binary alloy system International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 38 (1995), pp. 1237-1247 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 13. S.L. Lee, R.Y. Tzong Artificial pressure for pressure-linked equation International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 35 (1992), pp. 2705-2716 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 14. S.L. Lee A strongly implicit solver for two-dimensional elliptic differential equations Numerical Heat Transfer, 16B (1989), pp. 161-178 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar 15. J.H. Lienhard Synopsis of lift, drag and vortex frequency data for rigid circular cylinders (1st edn.), Bulletin 300, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington (1966) Google Scholar
Definição em português: "Arrastar"